Timing is important to wound healing. Critically, the timing of wound re-epithelialization can decide the outcome of the healing.[11] If the epithelization of tissue over a denuded area is slow, a scar will form over many weeks, or months;[12][13] If the epithelization of a wounded area is fast, the healing will result in regeneration.[13]
When tissue is first wounded, blood comes in contact with collagen, triggering blood platelets to begin secreting inflammatory factors.[15] Platelets also express sticky glycoproteins on their cell membranes that allow them to aggregate, forming a mass.[7]
Wounded 2 In Hindi
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Contraction commences approximately a week after wounding, when fibroblasts have differentiated into myofibroblasts.[54] In full thickness wounds, contraction peaks at 5 to 15 days post wounding.[37] Contraction can last for several weeks[46] and continues even after the wound is completely reepithelialized.[3] A large wound can become 40 to 80% smaller after contraction.[31][42] Wounds can contract at a speed of up to 0.75 mm per day, depending on how loose the tissue in the wounded area is.[37] Contraction usually does not occur symmetrically; rather most wounds have an 'axis of contraction' which allows for greater organization and alignment of cells with collagen.[54]
As the phase progresses, the tensile strength of the wound increases.[28] Collagen will reach approximately 20% of its tensile strength after three weeks, increasing to 80% by the 12th week. The maximum scar strength is 80% of that of unwounded skin.[57] Since activity at the wound site is reduced, the scar loses its red appearance as blood vessels that are no longer needed are removed by apoptosis.[20]
Neutral Powers shall apply by analogy the provisions of thepresent Convention to the wounded and sick, and to members ofthe medical personnel and to chaplains of the armed forces ofthe Parties to the conflict, received or interned in their territory,as well as to dead persons found.
In addition to the agreements expressly provided for in Articles10, 15, 23, 28, 31, 36, 37 and 52, the High Contracting Partiesmay conclude other special agreements for all matters concerningwhich they may deem it suitable to make separate provision. Nospecial agreement shall adversely affect the situation of thewounded and sick, of members of the medical personnel or of chaplains,as defined by the present Convention, nor restrict the rightswhich it confers upon them.
The provisions of the present Convention constitute no obstacleto the humanitarian activities which the International Committeeof the Red Cross or any other impartial humanitarian organizationmay, subject to the consent of the Parties to the conflict concerned.undertake for the protection of wounded and sick, medical personneland chaplains, and for their relief.
When wounded and sick, or medical personnel and chaplains donot benefit or cease to benefit, no matter for what reason, bythe activities of a Protecting Power or of an organization providedfor in the first paragraph above, the Detaining Power shall requesta neutral State, or such an organization, to undertake the functionsperformed under the present Convention by a Protecting Power designatedby the Parties to a conflict.
For this purpose, each of the Protecting Powers may, eitherat the invitation of one Party or on its own initiative, proposeto the Parties to the conflict a meeting of their representatives,in particular of the authorities responsible for the wounded andsick, members of medical personnel and chaplains, possibly onneutral territory suitably chosen. The Parties to the conflictshall be bound to give effect to the proposals made to them forthis purpose. The Protecting Powers may, if necessary, proposefor approval by the Parties to the conflict a person belongingto a neutral Power or delegated by the International Committeeof the Red Cross, who shall be invited to take part in such ameeting.
The Party to the conflict which is compelled to abandon woundedor sick to the enemy shall, as far as military considerationspermit, leave with them a part of its medical personnel and materialto assist in their care.
Subject to the provisions of Article 12, the wounded and sickof a belligerent who fall into enemy hands shall be prisonersof war, and the provisions of international law concerning prisonersof war shall apply to them.
At all times, and particularly after an engagement, Partiesto the conflict shall, without delay, take all possible measuresto search for and collect the wounded and sick, to protect themagainst pillage and ill-treatment, to ensure their adequate care,and to search for the dead and prevent their being despoiled.Whenever circumstances permit, an armistice or a suspension offire shall be arranged, or local arrangements made, to permitthe removal, exchange and transport of the wounded left on thebattlefield.
Likewise, local arrangements may be concluded between Partiesto the conflict for the removal or exchange of wounded and sickfrom a besieged or encircled area, and for the passage of medicaland religious personnel and equipment on their way to that area.
Parties to the conflict shall record as soon as possible, inrespect of each wounded, sick or dead person of the adverse Partyfalling into their hands, any particulars which may assist inhis identification.
The military authorities may appeal to the charity of the inhabitantsvoluntarily to collect and care for, under their direction, thewounded and sick, granting persons who have responded to thisappeal the necessary protection and facilities. Should the adverseparty take or retake control of the area, he shall likewise grantthese persons the same protection and the same facilities.
The military authorities shall permit the inhabitants and reliefsocieties, even in invaded or occupied areas, spontaneously tocollect and care for wounded or sick of whatever nationality.The civilian population shall respect these wounded and sick,and in particular abstain from offering them violence.
Fixed establishments and mobile medical units of the MedicalService may in no circumstances be attacked, but shall at alltimes be respected and protected by the Parties to the conflict.Should they fall into the hands of the adverse Party, their personnelshall be free to pursue their duties, as long as the capturingPower has not itself ensured the necessary care of the woundedand sick found in such establishments and units.
In time of peace, the High Contracting Parties and, after theoutbreak of hostilities, the Parties to the conflict may establishin their own territory and, if the need arises, in occupied areas,hospital zones and localities so organized as to protect the woundedand sick from the effects of war, as well as the personnel entrustedwith the organization and administration of these zones and localitiesand with the care of the persons therein assembled.
Medical personnel exclusively engaged in the search for, orthe collection, transport or treatment of the wounded or sick,or in the prevention of disease, staff exclusively engaged inthe administration of medical units and establishments, as wellas chaplains attached to the armed forces, shall be respectedand protected in all circumstances.
Members of the armed forces specially trained for employment,should the need arise, as hospital orderlies, nurses or auxiliarystretcher-bearers, in the search for or the collection, transportor treatment of the wounded and sick shall likewise be respectedand protected if they are carrying out these duties at the timewhen they come into contact with the enemy or fall into his hands.
Pending their return, they shall not be deemed prisoners ofwar. Nevertheless, they shall at least benefit by all the provisionsof the Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisonersof War of August 12, 1949. They shall continue to fulfil theirduties under the orders of the adverse Party and shall preferablybe engaged in the care of the wounded and sick of the Party tothe conflict to which they themselves belong.
Pending their release, they shall continue their work underthe direction of the adverse Party; they shall preferably be engagedin the care of the wounded and sick of the Party to the conflictin whose service they were.
The buildings, material and stores of fixed medical establishmentsof the armed forces shall remain subject to the laws of war, butmay not be diverted from that purpose as long as they are requiredfor the care of wounded and sick. Nevertheless, the commandersof forces in the field may make use of them, in case of urgentmilitary necessity, provided that they make previous arrangementsfor the welfare of the wounded and sick who are nursed in them.
The right of requisition recognized for belligerents by thelaws and customs of war shall not be exercised except in caseof urgent necessity, and only after the welfare of the woundedand sick has been ensured.
Transports of wounded and sick or of medical equipment shallbe respected and protected in the same way as mobile medical units.Should such transports or vehicles fall into the hands of theadverse Party, they shall be subject to the laws of war, on conditionthat the Party to the conflict who captures them shall in allcases ensure the care of the wounded and sick they contain.
Medical aircraft, that is to say, aircraft exclusively employedfor the removal of wounded and sick and for the transport of medicalpersonnel and equipment, shall not be attacked, but shall be respectedby the belligerents, while flying at heights, times and on routesspecifically agreed upon between the belligerents concerned.
In the event of an involuntary landing in enemy or enemy-occupiedterritory, the wounded and sick, as well as the crew of the aircraftshall be prisoners of war. The medical personnel shall be treatedaccording to Article 24, and the Articles following.
Unless agreed otherwise between the neutral Power and the Partiesto the conflict, the wounded and sick who are disembarked, withthe consent of the local authorities, on neutral territory bymedical aircraft, shall be detained by the neutral Power, whereso required by international law, in such a manner that they cannotagain take part in operations of war. The cost of their accommodationand internment shall be borne by the Power on which they depend. 2ff7e9595c
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